Phosphorylation of NF-kB and IkB proteins: implications in cancer and inflammation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is a transcription factor that has crucial roles in inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Activation of NF-kB mainly occurs via IkB kinase (IKK)-mediated phosphorylation of inhibitory molecules, including IkBa. Optimal induction of NF-kB target genes also requires phosphorylation of NF-kB proteins, such as p65, within their transactivation domain by a variety of kinases in response to distinct stimuli. Whether, and how, phosphorylation modulates the function of other NF-kB and IkB proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma 3, remains unclear. The identification and characterization of all the kinases known to phosphorylate NF-kB and IkB proteins are described here. Because deregulation of NF-kB and IkB phosphorylations is a hallmark of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer, newly designed drugs targeting these constitutively activated signalling pathways represent promising therapeutic tools.
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